1、引用《可爱的python》的一句话：中文就是永远的痛！
文件保存要有编码要求；编辑器，浏览器有支持的编码要求，数据库的存储，显示有编码要求
……各种软件，各种中文编码有些乱，理一理
2、字符集：
GBK GB2312的扩展
GB2312 简体中文系统下，ANSI 编码标准代表 GB2312
Unicode UTF-8（其中的一种编码）
3、语言标志
CP936 CodePage 936 对应 GBK（详细见微软官方介绍）
CP65001 UTF-8 Unicode
zh_cn 不是编码，是语言标志
CP936 也是语言标志，而非编码标志
CP 一般常见于MS的 cmd 特别 MySQL 查看表数据乱码，可以使用相应的 set names gbk
4、编码转换：
linux 一般系统默认都安装了 iconv ，可以终端显示，也可以导出到另外一个文件
iconv -f encoding -t encoding inputfile
iconv -f GBK -t UTF-8 inputfile -o outputfile
GBK/GB2312 结果都一样，都可以显示正常
enca 软件，需要另行安装：
enca 实现文件编码分析判断
enca --list language 可以列出所支持的语言和相应字符集
enca -L zh(_cn) file便可以判断文件编码
enca -L zh_CN -x UTF-8 file 将文件编码转换为UTF-8编码
2024年1月08日 19:00
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